ANSC 1000 Name_________________________
Exam 3
1. (5 pts) Draw a lactation curve for a cow that has a 13-month calving
interval and peak milk production of 110 lb. of milk per day. Appropriately
label the ordinate and abscissa to show the information given and to reflect
the dry period.
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Part B. (3 pts) What would you expect the persistency to be for a typical
dairy cow? Give the range and express the units in such a manner that it is
clear that you understand the definition of persistency.
2. (5 pts) Draw a time-line graph or illustration in which the onset of estrus
by a cow is labeled hour zero (0). Relative to the onset of estrus, show and
label when ovulation occurs, how long the ovum will be viable, when the cow
should be bred, the period of time when capacitation will occur, and the period
of time when the sperm is capable of fertilizing the ovum.
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0 12 24 36 48
Hours after onset of estrus
COMPUTER GRADED. One answer per question. Erase mistakes completely.
1. Conception rates are usually lower for artificial insemination than for
natural breeding.
A. true B. false
2. If a bull is allowed to breed a cow only one time (as might happen in a
hand-mating system), conception rates would be expected to be lower for
artificial insemination than for natural breeding.
A. true B. false
3. In a typical A.I. program, cows detected in heat this morning would be bred
A. at noon today.
B. late this afternoon.
C. during the late evening (9:00 - 10:00 p.m.).
D. tomorrow morning.
E. tomorrow afternoon.
4. When a cow is bred by A.I., the semen straw is inserted ? before the
semen is deposited
A. into the posterior part of the cervix.
B. into the middle of the cervix.
C. to the anterior end of the cervix, but not into the uterus.
D. into the uterus.
5. Which of the following are seasonally polyestrous?
A. cow and sow B. ewe and mare C. bitch
D. sow and ewe E. cow and mare
6. During which season of the year will sows breed?
A. spring B. mid-summer C. late summer to fall D. winter
E. any season
7. About one fourth of the cows in the U.S. do not calve in any given year.
The main reason they do not calve is usually related to
A. reproductive diseases such as brucellosis
B. anatomical defects in the reproductive tract
C. hormone imbalances
D. environmental temperature
E. nutrition
8. For embryo transfers, the estrous cycles of the donor and recipient cows
are normally synchronized using
A. estrogen B. FSH C. LH D. prostaglandins E. both B and C
9. Superovulations are usually induced using
A. estrogen B. FSH C. progesterone D. prostaglandins E. LH
10. How many recipient cows are normally synchronized with each donor cow for
embryo transfer?
A. 5 B. 10 C. 15 D. 20
11. The embryos are transferred (best answer)
A. within a few hours of fertilization.
B. before implantation occurs.
C. just after implantation occurs.
12. The "embryos" that are flushed out for transfers are primarily (best answer)
A. blastocysts B. embryos C. fetuses D. morulae E. zygotes
13. Lactose makes up approximately what percent of cow's milk?
A. 3.3 B. 3.6 C. 4.6 D. 6.8 E. 12.5
14. Sow's milk contains approximately ? percent fat.
A. 1.3 B. 3.6 C. 4.5 D. 6.8 E. 9.3
15. The greatest change in the composition of milk occurs
A. soon after parturition.
B. after peak lactation.
C. between the beginning and end of a particular milking.
D. milk composition does not vary.
16. During a particular milking (either a.m. or p.m.)
A. the first-drawn milk is higher in fat concentration.
B. the last-drawn milk is higher in fat concentration.
C. fat content is the same throughout the milking.
17. Percent fat in milk is ? in the winter compared to summer.
A. higher B. lower C. the same
18. Jersey milk has approximately ? percent fat.
A. 3.3 B. 3.6 C. 4.6 D. 5.0 E. 6.8
19. An animal having four mammary glands that terminate in two teats is the
A. mare B. ewe C. elephant D. bitch E. cow
Questions 20 through 23. Mark A = true or B = false about udder development.
20. The teats, cisterns, ducts, and glands already exist at birth.
21. After puberty, the udder begins to grow and becomes noticeably larger.
22. After puberty, estrogen stimulates development of the secretory tissue.
23. After puberty, progesterone stimulates development of the ducts.
24. Milk producing cells
A. are each capable of the complete synthesis of milk.
B. each make a specific component of milk and secrete it into the milk
cavity.
25. When a calf is nursing, the milk he is getting is being synthesized and
released to him at that time.
A. true B. false
26. Milk synthesis in the udder is continuous until it is finally stopped by
A. nervous stimuli B. intramammary pressure C. hormone action
D. decreased blood flow to the mammary gland
27. Oxytocin
A. stimulates milk synthesis.
B. is released from the anterior pituitary.
C. stimulates milk let-down.
D. makes the cow quiescent.
E. both B and C are correct.
28. Following milk let-down, new milk synthesis is stimulated by
A. estrogen B. oxytocin C. prolactin D. adrenalin
E. progesterone
29. Contraction of the ? causes milk let-down to occur.
A. epithelial cells
B. milk ducts
C. cisterns
D. constrictor muscle
E. myoepithelial cells
30. The hormone that causes milk "hold-up" is
A. estrogen B. oxytocin C. prolactin D. epinephrine
E. progesterone
31. The most costly disease in the dairy industry is
A. milk-fat depression B. metritis C. milk fever
D. brucellosis E. mastitis
32. Milk exits the teat to the outside through the ? .
A. streap canal B. teat cistern C. teat canal
D. streak sphincter E. streak canal
33. In the nutrient classification of carbohydrates, which of the following
are included?
A. Amino Acids
B. Starch
C. Cellulose
D. Folic Acid
E. B & C
34. Carbohydrates are digested to:
A. Starch
B. Folic Acid
C. Glucose
D. Amino Acids
E. B & D
35. Proteins are digested to:
A. Starch
B. Folic Acid
C. Glucose
D. Amino Acids
E. B & D
36. Proteins can be used for:
A. Body Protein
B. Energy
C. Fat
D. all of the above
E. A & B
37. The major dietary source of energy for the animal is:
A. Carbohydrates
B. Protein
C. Fat
D. Vitamins
38. Vitamins are broken into two classifications. Which one of the
following describes the classifications?
A. Water and Fat Soluble
B. Starch and Cellulose
C. Macro and Micro
D. A & C both are used.
39. Minerals are broken into two classifications. Which one of the
following describes the classifications?
A. Water and Fat Soluble
B. Starch and Cellulose
C. Macro and Micro
D. A & C both are used.
40. The most critical nutrient for survival is (are):
A. Carbohydrates
B. Protein
C. Fat
D. Vitamins & Minerals
E. Water
41. Concentrates are usually low in energy, low in fiber, and highly digestible.
A. True
B. False
C. I do not have a clue (this will be marked wrong)
42. Roughages are high in fiber, less digestible and low in energy.
A. True
B. False
C. I do not have a clue (this will be marked wrong)
43. Animals can obtain water from:
A. Drinking
B. Food
C. Metabolism
D. all of the above
E. A & B
44. The following are examples of concentrates.
A. Soybean Meal
B. Corn
C. Silage
D. All of the above
E. A & B
45. Animals consuming a diet high in ? will gain faster than those consuming
diets high in the other.
A. Concentrates
B. Roughages
46. In the pig, water absorption occurs primarily in the:
A. Mouth
B. Esophagus
C. Stomach
D. Small Intestine
E. Large Intestine
47. In the pig, protein digestion occurs primarily in the:
A. Esophagus
B. Stomach
C. Small Intestine
D. Large Intestine
E. Does not occur
48. In the nonruminant herbivore, protein digestion occurs primarily in the:
A. Stomach
B. Small Intestine
C. Large Intestine
D. Cecum
E. Does not occur
49. When cattle eat protein in their diet, most of it
A. passes to the abomasum
B. is converted to fat
C. becomes new bacterial protein
D. ends up in the feces
50. In the pig, starch digestion occurs primarily in the:
A. Esophagus
B. Stomach
C. Small Intestine
D. Large Intestine
E. Does not occur
51. In the nonruminant herbivore, starch digestion occurs in the:
A. Stomach
B. Small Intestine
C. Large Intestine
D. Cecum
E. Does not occur
52. In the pig, cellulose digestion occurs primarily in the:
A. Esophagus
B. Stomach
C. Small Intestine
D. Large Intestine
E. Cellulose is not digested.
53. In feeder/finishing pigs, protein absorption occurs primarily in the:
(Be careful!)
A. Esophagus
B. Stomach
C. Small Intestine
D. Large Intestine
E. Does not occur
54. In the nonruminant herbivore, cellulose digestion occurs in the:
A. Stomach
B. Small Intestine
C. Large Intestine
D. Cecum
E. Does not occur
55. In the ruminant, starch digestion occurs primarily in the:
A. Reticulorumen
B. Abomasum
C. Omasum
D. Small Intestine
E. Does not occur
56. In the ruminant, VFA absorption occurs primarily in the:
A. Reticulorumen
B. Abomasum
C. Omasum
D. Small Intestine
57. In the ruminant, cellulose digestion occurs primarily in the:
A. Reticulorumen
B. Abomasum
C. Omasum
D. Small Intestine
E. A & D
58. In the ruminant, the by-product(s) of cellulose digestion is (are):
A. Amino Acid
B. Acetic Acid
C. Propionic Acid
D. all of the above
E. B & C
59. In the ruminant, most energy needs are met with:
A. Amino Acid
B. Volatile Fatty Acids
C. Fat
D. Protein
60. Cows have a dietary requirement for B vitamins.
A. True B. False
61. Volatile fatty acids are
A. a waste product of bacterial fermentation
B. a source of energy for the host animal
C. a source of energy for the bacteria
D. A and B are both correct.
E. A and C are both correct.
62. The microbial cells formed in the digestive tract of a horse are a good
source of protein for the animal.
A. true B. false
63. The microbial cells formed in the digestive tract of a steer are a good
source of protein for the animal.
A. true B. false
Questions 64 - 70: Choose from the following lists for the correct term.
A. Digestion A. Rumination
B. Absorption B. Eructation
C. Metabolism C. Regurgitation
D. Diet D. Ingredient
E. Ration E. Nutrient
64. The process of swallowing, casting up food, and re-chewing.
65. Bloat is caused by an inability to do this.
66. Breaking down food into smaller sized particles.
67. Total sum of chemical changes in the body (including building up and
breaking down processes).
68. The feed that an animal consumes in a day.
69. Corn is an example.
70. Vitamin A is an example.
71. The expected ADG of a feedlot steer fed a high-grain diet is
A. 0.6-0.7 B. 1.3-2.0 C. 2.5-3.0 D. 3.2-3.5 E. 6-8
72. A pig weaned at 5 weeks of age will weigh ? pounds.
A. 3-4 B. 7-9 C. 12-15 D. 20-25 E. 35-40
73. Pigs in the finishing house will gain ? lb/day.
A. 0.6-0.7 B. 1.0-1.4 C. 1.5-1.9 D. 2.0-2.5 E. 3.0-3.5
74. A pig in the finishing house will eat ? pounds of feed daily.
A. 4.5-6.5 B. 7-9 C. 8-10 D. 3.0-3.5 E. 1.5-1.9
75. Lambs in the feedlot will gain ? lb/day.
A. 0.4-0.5 B. 0.6-0.7 C. 0.9-1.0 D. 1.2-1.5 E. 1.6-1.9
76. A newborn foal will weigh ? lb.
A. 100-120 B. 160-200 C. 220-250 D. 300-400
77. Percent calf crop is defined as the
A. proportion of cows in a herd at calving time that have a calf during
the calving season.
B. proportion of cows calving that wean a calf.
C. proportion of cows in a herd at breeding time that have a calf during
the calving season.
D. proportion of cows in a herd at breeding time that wean a calf
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