ANSC 1000 Name__________________________________
Lab Midterm
Fill in the blanks with the best word, phrase, or number. All numbers must have
appropriate units for full credit.
______________________ 1. Name 2 of the 3 purebred breeds which are used at
the Beef Teaching Unit.
______________________
______________________ 2. Name 3 maternal traits in hogs.
______________________
______________________
______________________ 3. Name 2 sire breeds of hogs.
Give the pig identification number for each of the
pigs illustrated below.
(4) (5)
(Picture) (Picture)
______________________ (4)
______________________ (5)
______________________ 6. The number for question #5 which refers to the
litter number.
______________________ 7. Name three methods of permanent identification for
beef cattle.
______________________
______________________
8. What is the most common form of identification for:
______________________ Cattle (within herd ID)?
______________________ Pigs?
______________________ Sheep?
9. What is another name for.....
______________________ the quarter on a steer?
______________________ the back of a lamb?
______________________ the quarter on a steer is called the ? on a hog?
______________________ the quarter on a steer is called the ? on a lamb?
______________________ 10. What do we call ewes that have been purchased from a
range-flock operator by a farm-flock operator, kept
2 to 3 years, and then sold?
______________________ 11. The single most important factor in determining the
grade of wool.
______________________ 12. What undesirable characteristic of wool from a Suffolk
would be the main reason that you would not mix it with
wool sheared from a white-faced breed of sheep such as
the Rambouillet or Columbia?
______________________ 13. What is the protective layer between the pelt and
muscle on sheep called?
______________________ 14. This is a term that refers collectively to 560 yards
of yarn.
______________________ 15. Breed that is 5/8 Shorthorn and 3/8 Brahman
______________________ 16. Two desirable characteristics of Brahman breeds that
allowed them to become popular in the U.S.
______________________ 17. A breed from Italy that is considered the largest breed
(frame size) of cattle in the world.
______________________ 18. Which British breed has allowed exotic breeding to
improve muscling?
______________________ 19. The two breeds of sheep most widely used as rams in range
flock crossbreeding programs for market lamb production
______________________ 20. A word that indicates flocking instinct.
______________________ 21. Sheep that produce heavy fleeces as well as lambs with
good carcass conformation are classified as ?
______________________ 22. The three most popular breeds used in farm flocks.
(List in order of popularity.)
______________________
______________________
23. What has been the primary use of the long-wool breeds of sheep in the U.S.?
(One point)
24. Name three wool-grading systems OR give the basis for the three wool-grading
systems (if you can't name them). (2 points each)
a.
b.
c.
COMPUTER GRADED. One answer per question. Select the best answer for each question
and mark it on your scan sheet.
1. At what age is it generally recommended that heifers calve for the first time?
a. 14 - 15 months
b. 23 - 24 months
c. 35 - 36 months
d. 47 - 48 months
2. In relation to the main cow herd, when should a producer start to breed the
heifers? (i.e., When should the heifers calve relative to the main cow herd?
a. at the same time cows are bred
b. 1 month after breeding the cows
c. 1 month before breeding the cows
d. 6 months after breeding the cows
3. To have a high pregnancy rate in his (or her!) heifers, the heifers should weigh
at least ? of their anticipated mature weight when bred for the first time.
a. 50%
b. 65%
c. 80%
d. 90%
e. 95%
4. You want to purchase a young bull for your cow herd. Which of the following is
the best estimate of a young bull's genetic potential?
a. his pedigree (record of his parents and grandparents)
b. his show winnings (trophies, ribbons, etc.) at major livestock shows
c. performance of his progeny
d. individual performance data from a performance test
e. performance of his siblings (primarily half-brothers and half-sisters)
5. Each calf gets half of its genes from its dam and half from its sire. Which is
most important in improving the genetics of a herd of cattle?
a. selection of the bulls
b. selection of the replacement heifers
c. place equal emphasis on selection of the bulls and replacement heifers
6. Normal calving for a cow takes how long?
a. 10 to 45 min.
b. 1 to 3 hours
c. 3 to 5 hours
d. 6 to 8 hours
e. around 12 hours
7. How soon after calving is a cow normally re-bred?
a. 30 to 50 days
b. 60 to 80 days
c. 3 to 4 months
d. 6 to 8 months
8. After the first breeding season for a group of heifers, any that are found
to be open two months later should be
a. fed a better diet
b. culled
c. put back with the bull
d. sent to the veterinarian
9. What should be the widest point of a steer when viewed from the rear?
(It would be the same area for a market hog.)
a. across the hips
b. across the loin
c. across the middle (belly)
d. across the shoulders
e. across the stifles
10. Which of the following is a characteristic of a yield grade 2 animal?
a. Narrow through center of the round
b. Straight underline from rear flank to fore flank
c. Well-turned top
d. Full dewlap and brisket
e. Full in the twist
11. Which of the following is not a characteristic of a yield grade 5 animal?
a. Short, deep body
b. Flat, wide top
c. Widest portion from rear view is between stifles
d. Deep in the twist
e. Full dewlap and brisket
12. A steer that is full and thick through the dewlap and brisket is
a. heavily muscled
b. lacking muscle
c. over-finished
13. A steer that is wider in the rump than in the middle of the back when
viewed from the rear is
a. heavily muscled
b. lacking thickness of the loin
c. over-finished
14. Cold branding
a. is a "permanent" form of identification
b. destroys the hair follicle
c. utilizes liquid nitrogen
d. all of the above
e. only b & c are correct
15. Wool generally ? as you look from the shoulder back to the hock.
a. gets more fine
b. gets more coarse
c. does not change in fineness (or coarseness)
16. Method of sheep identification that is required on federal rangelands.
a. tattooing
b. ear notching
c. paint branding
d. metal ear tags
e. hot branding
17. When a rancher refers to wattles, he is referring to grubs or larva that
hatch from fly eggs deposited on the animal during "fly season."
a. true b. false
18. A "solid-mouthed" ewe will have how many pair of permanent incisors on her
upper jaw?
a. 0 b. 1 c. 2 d. 3 e. 4
19. A ewe that is 6-7 years old with teeth that are broken or beginning to fall
out is termed a
a. spread-mouthed ewe
b. short-term ewe
c. gummer
d. solid-mouthed ewe
e. broken-mouthed ewe
20. Overshot jaw is a condition in sheep
a. in which the lower jaw is shorter than the upper jaw
b. in which the lower jaw protrudes beyond the upper jaw
c. that is highly heritable
d. a & c are both correct.
e. b & c are both correct.
21. The term describing any wool that is covered with manure.
a. discards
b. staples
c. tags
d. groats
e. pins
22. The coarsest (least fine) wool is typically found on the
a. side
b. belly
c. britch
d. back
e. neck
23. Crimp is an indicator of
a. greasiness
b. fineness
c. uniformity
d. staple
e. density
24. Which term refers to the length of wool fibers?
a. staple
b. density
c. crimp
d. yolk
e. uniformity
25. Which term refers to the natural greasiness of wool?
a. lanolin
b. crimp
c. uniformity
d. open/closed
e. yolk
26. The reproductive cycle of sheep is somewhat controlled by
a. temperature
b. humidity
c. light
d. the moon
27. The fleece weight of the "wool breeds" of sheep is approximately ? pounds.
a. 5-7 b. 9-12 c. 15-18 d. 30-22
28. The term meaning "abnormal labor" or "difficulty during calving" is
a. distention
b. dilation
c. gestation
d. dystocia
e. parturition
29. The most popular purebred breed of cattle is
a. Hereford
b. Angus
c. Polled Hereford
d. Simmental
e. Brahman
30. British Breeds compared to Continental Exotic Breeds are:
a. More fertile
b. Heavier-muscled
c. Used as maternal breeds for crossbreeding
d. A & C
e. B & C
31. The third most popular breed of beef cattle and also known for excellent
milking ability
a. Hereford
b. Angus
c. Polled Hereford
d. Simmental
e. Brahman
32. The breed of cattle having the highest-yielding carcasses is
a. Brahman
b. Angus
c. Gelbvieh
d. Hereford
e. Limousin
33. The first exotic breed to have significant numbers in the U.S.
a. Limousin
b. Gelbvieh
c. Charolais
d. Simmental
e. Salers
34. The highest heterosis would be realized if you crossed a Hereford with a (an)
a. Brahman
b. Angus
c. Charolais
d. Limousin
e. Polled Hereford
35. A Black Baldy is the result of which cross?
a. Angus X Limousin
b. Angus X Hereford
c. Hereford X Limousin
d. Hereford X Charolais
e. Shorthorn X Brahman
36. What is the most popular breed of hog in the U.S.
a. Duroc
b. Yorkshire
c. Spotted
d. Berkshire
e. Landrace
37. Which breed of hog in the U.S. is the oldest?
a. Yorkshire
b. Poland China
c. Landrace
d. Berkshire
e. Spotted
38. Which breed of hog is the oldest U.S.-developed breed?
a. Yorkshire
b. Poland China
c. Landrace
d. Berkshire
e. Spotted
39. Which breed would be expected to have the best carcasses?
a. Yorkshire
b. Duroc
c. Landrace
d. Berkshire
e. Chester White
40. Which of the following are maternal breeds of swine?
a. Yorkshire, Duroc, Landrace
b. Duroc, Berkshire, Hampshire
c. Landrace, Chester White, Yorkshire
d. Berkshire, Hampshire, Poland China
e. Chester White, Landrace, Duroc
41. Which of the following originated in Denmark and is not known for
carcass characteristics?
a. Yorkshire
b. Duroc
c. Landrace
d. Berkshire
e. Chester White
42. Most popular breed of sheep in the U.S. (total numbers)
a. Hampshire
b. Rambouillet
c. Dorset
d. Suffolk
e. Columbia
43. Most popular purebred breed of sheep
a. Hampshire
b. Rambouillet
c. Dorset
d. Suffolk
e. Columbia
44. Breed of sheep developed in Idaho and results from a Lincoln X Rambouillet
a. Targhee
b. Polypay
c. Southdown
d. Cheviot
e. Columbia
45. Breed of sheep most noted for being VERY prolific
a. Targhee
b. Polypay
c. Finnsheep
d. Suffolk
e. Rambouillet
46. Breed of sheep developed with the intent of gaining the advantages of the
dual-purpose breeds as well as increased lamb crops
a. Targhee
b. Polypay
c. Finnsheep
d. Suffolk
e. Hampshire
47. Which breed of sheep will breed out of season?
a. Dorset
b. Suffolk
c. Columbia
d. Southdown
e. Cheviot
48. Which of the following have fine-wool?
a. Dorset, Rambouillet, Merinos
b. Suffolk, Hampshire, Dorset
c. Columbia, Targhee, Rambouillet
d. Southdown, Merinos, Polypay
e. Rambouillet, Merinos, Targhee
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