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Description.
Length: x.x-x.x mm. Width: x.x-x.x mm.
Head: vertex finely granulose, sparsely, minutely punctuate and setose; with minute median fovea; eyes round, not much raised behind, slightly larger in male.
Rostrum: moderately, evenly curved; rugose, not strongly carinate, minutely, sparsely setose above antennal insertions, smoother and more sparsely punctuate below insertions; upper margin of lateral rostral groove ecarinate; longer, more slender and less strongly rugose in female.
Antennae: funiculus with seven articles.
Prothorax: black; dorsum and pleural area with large, round punctures and smooth, shining interspaces; lateral portions of dorsum with slightly smaller punctures with wider interspaces; punctures on lower portions of pleural area deeper and more elongate, each with one slender white scale or seta; setae broader on lower portions of pleural area and in narrow middorsal line.
Elytra: uniformly rufous or darker basally and dorsomedially; broad, humeri slightly wider; striae narrow, narrow, with narrow punctures; interstriae subequal in width, smooth to slightly rugulose, shining; strial punctures finely, minutely setose; interstriae with sparse, fine white setae and and with broader, narrow white scales on base of interstria 6; even-numbered interstriae with posteromedian and subapical clusters of white scales in some.
Pygidium: male with exposed portion evenly convex, coarsely punctute, finely setose, carinate behind; female more strongly convex, not carinate behind, broadly concave posteromedially.
Abdomen: sterna 3 and 4 narrower than 1 and 2, with spares, narrow, white scales; sternum 5 narrower than 4, with fine, suberect, posteromedian setae.
Legs: femora slender, rugulose, with sparse, white scales; profemur slightly stouter, with larger, conical, ventral tooth; mesofemur and metafemur with smaller ventral tooth; protibia and mesotibia sinuate on ventral margin, rugulose, setose, with distinct uncus exteneded parallel to long axis of tibia; metatibia with straighter ventral margin, with small, stout apical mucro in male, smaller mucro in female; tarsal claws slender, with slender inner tooth.
Genitalia (Fig. x): aedeagus ...
LeConte 1876:200. A. suturalis Lec., Ann. Lyc. Nat. ist. N. York, i, 171, pl. xi, f.9; Gyll., Sch. Curc. iii, 346; Boh., ibid. vii, 2, 233 (cum var.); A. erythropterus Say, Curc. 25; ed. Lec. i, 193.
Middle, Southern, and Western States. Varies in color and extent of the red elytral spot, which is sometimes bright yellowish-red, and distinctly limited, sometimes dark and diffused, so that only the suture remains blackish. In one specimen the surface of the elytra is dull and finely rugose, but I suspect this has been caused by some injury received in the early stages of development, and must be regarded as an accidental monstrosity, and not as a variation.
Dietz 1891:210. A. suturalis Lec. [description]
Hab.--Eastern and Western States.
The red apical blotch varies greatly in extent, leaving always, however, the suture and scutellar space black. Larger sized specimens with the elytra almost entirely red, may be confounded with A. virgo, from which the present species differs by its unidentate anterior femora, more strongly clavate thighs and smooth rostral carina. From sycophanta it is to be distinguished, aside from coloration, by the sides of the prothorax being more strongly rounded and the apical constriction, the punctures also, are less coarse and less dense, and the elytra more shining.
A specimen in Dr. Horn's collection from Iowa, while evidently belonging to the present species, has the prothorax quite coarsely, though very closely, punctured. The elytra are entirely ferruginous, with a triangular basal space dusky.
Dietz 1891:211. A. flavicornis Boh.--Plate vi, fig.14. [description]
[p. 212] Hab.--southern States (Patin?).
A specimen in my collection, taken in this neighborhood (Hazleton, Pa.), measures scarcely 2.5 mm., but does not differ otherwise. Two specimens from Texas in Mr. Ulke's collection are a little less robust, with two interrupted lines of condensed pubescence on the elytra, thereby forming some similarity to subguttatus. Frm nigrinus, with which the present species might be confounded, it is to be distinguished by the less coarsely and less densely punctured prothorax, testaceous antennae and less slender legs.
Burke and Gates 1972:1222-1223. A. suturalis is widespread over the eastern half of the United states and probably occurs also in adjacent areas of Canada. Walsh (1866) was the first to correctly associate A. suturalis with phylloxera galls. There is some confusion about this species in the literature because of apparent misidentifications. Lugger (1889), Hardenberg (1908), and Franklin (1915) published papers implicating A. suturalis as a pest of cranberries. Lacroix (1926) reviewed this situation and presented evidence that the weevils referred to in the 3 aforementioned papers were A. musculus Say rather than A. suturalis. Tuttle (1956) reviewed of most of the literature recorded under the name A. suturalis, but he obviously overlooked Lacroix's paper concerning the confusion between A. musculus and A. suturalis. Furthermore, Tuttle also incorrectly stated that Walsh (1866) associated A. suturalis with a cedidomyiid gall on Crataegus grusgalli; the weevil referred to Walsh is presently known as Pseudanthonomus crataegi (Walsh), a species originally placed in Anthonomus.
A paragraph on biology follows.
Burke and Gates 1972:1223. Anthonomus hickoriae Pierce. Pierce (1908) described A. hickoriae from a large series collected on hickory trees at Texarkana, Tex. This species is at least taxonomically very close to A. suturalis and may actually be a synonym of the latter. The close taxonomic relationships of the two along with the fact that the type series was collected on hickory indicate that a hicoriae is probably associated with phylloxera galls.
Burke 1975:61. The names Anthonomus flavicornis Boheman, A. vespertinus Dietz, and A. hicoriae Pierce are placed in synonymy under Anthonomus suturalis LeConte.
Types of all of the species listed above have been examined. A series of A. suturalis collected on the leaves of a pecan tree at Gonzales, Texas by C. L. Cole was of special importance in determining this synonymy. Specimens in this series ranged from completely unicolorous individuals to those with a reddish area of varying size on each elytron; the latter color pattern is typical of A. suturalis. The types of A. flavicornis, A. verspertinus and A. hicoriae are unicolorous above as are a large number of the Gonzales specimens of A. suturalis. I am unable to find any characters which will consistently separate these from A. suturalis.
Burke 1968:38-39. [p. 41] Tuttle (1956) reviewed the literature published under the name Anthonomus suturalis, most of which was based on papers by Lugger (1889), Hardenberg (1908) and Franklin (1915). These three authors obviously had another species, probably A. musculus Say, on cranberries confused with A. suturalis. Lacroix (1926) reviewed this situation and decided that the weevil attacking cranberries is musculus rather than suturalis.
Little is known of the habits of suturalis other than that the larvae develop in Phylloxera galls on the leaves of hickory and pecan trees. The possibility of there being other species closely related to suturalis living in galls on hickory leaves was mentioned by Pierce (1908) in connection with his description of Anthonomus hicoriae Pierce.
Ahmad and Burke 1972:49. description of the larva. The situation with confusion with the cranberry weevil covered in the pupal paper is repeated here.
Blatchley and Leng 1916:197-298. In key to species in "Group C," and brief description. "Frequent throughout Indiana; April 25--June 11; taken by sweeping. On hickory leaves, Framingham, Mass., May 30. Not rare near New York City in June. Occurs throughout Canada, New England, the Southern, Middle and Western States. Found on wild plum (Ulke); said to attack cranberry, laying its eggs in the bud, the larva living in the fruit. (Lugger.) The red apical blotch varies in extent, but always leaves the suture and scutellar space black. A. erythropterus Say is a synonym.