squamosus group. Dietz 1891:228-237. Contains all those species with 7-jointed funicle, in which both the upper and under surface are predominantly clothed with scales. The scaly vestiture, while dense in most of the species, is sparse and intermixed with a fine pubescence in some. The scales also vary from almost round to very elongate, piliform. The ventral segments are less unequal than in the majority of the pubescent species. Some of the vittate forms show great similarity to the species of the subgenus Cnemocyllus, from which they differ merely by the hind tibiae of the male not being dissimilar from those of the female. A key to the species [pp. 228-229] presents characters by which 11 species are distinguished: A. ater LeConte, A. squamosus LeConte, A. tectus LeConte, A. squamulatus Dietz, A. molochinus Dietz, A. rufipes LeConte, A. disjunctus LeConte, A. murinus LeConte, A. hirtus LeConte, A. ochreopilosus Dietz, A. pauperculus LeConte.

The key [pp. 228-229] has

1. Stout species; all the femora armed with a tooth" (ater, squamosus, tectus, squamulatus, molochinus, rufipes, and disjunctus)
1' More or less elongate, hind femur not toothed" (murinus [= melancholicus], hirtus, ochreopilosus, pauperculus).

This will not work. All of these, except pauperculus, do have a toothed hind femur, and, arguably, pauperculus is not "elongate"

Anthonomus Groups from Blatchley and Leng

Subgenus Anthonomus

Group A.

   A. nebulosus LeConte
   A. pomorum L.

Group B.

   A. grandis Boheman
   A. gularis LeConte
   A. virgo Dietz

Group C.

   A. rubellus Dietz
   A. sycophanta Walsh
   A. rufipennis LeConte
   A. suturalis LeConte
   A. flavicornis Boheman
   A. corvulus LeConte
   A. subguttatus Dietz

Group D.

   A. signatus Say
   A. consimilis Dietz
   A. likensis Blatchley
   A. vespertinus Dietz
   A. musculus Say
   A. concinnus Dietz
   A. sexguttatus Dietz
   A. uniformis Blatchley
   A. sulcifrons LeConte
   A. miaephonus Pierce
   A. simiolus Blatchley
   A. interstitialis Dietz

Group E.

   A. unicus Blatchley
   A. nigrinus Boheman
   A. albopilosus Dietz
   A. xanthocnemus Dietz
   A. varipes Duval
   A. scutellatus Gyllenhal

Group F.

   A. dissimilus Dietz
   A. orchestoides Dietz
   A. juniperinus Sanborn

Group G. The key (pp. 292-293) has: Vestiture of scales which clothe both the upper and lower surfaces; tarsi long (contrast Vestiture mainly of hairs or narrow hair-likescales; true scales, if any, arranged in spots or lines -- except in concinnus). The diagnosis of the group (p. 309) has: Our species of this group range from 2.7 to 3.5 mm. in size and have the upper and lower surfaces more or less clothed with scales, which ary in shape from almost round to very elongate and hair-like. Fire of the 11 species tabulated by Dietz are recorded from our territory. All have the femora armed with a single tooth beneath.

   A. tectus LeConte
   A. squamulatus Dietz
   A. molochinus Dietz
   A. rufipes LeConte
   A. disjunctus LeConte

Subgenus Sexarthrus

Group A.

   A. subfasciatus LeConte
   A. robustulus LeConte
   A. robinsoni Blatchley

Group B.

   A. ungularis LeConte
   A. floralis Dietz
   A. debilis Blatchley
   A. nubilus LeConte
   A. cylindricollis Blatchley

Group C.

   A. elongatus LeConte
   A. decipiens LeConte

Ahmad and Burke (1972) described the larvae of A. squamosus, A. ater, A. appositus, A. heterothecae, A. disjunctus, A. testaceosquamosus, A. vestitus, A. squamans, and A. sphaeralciae. All of these are now in the A. squamosus group, though some of the names are now in synonymy. They also provided host plant information on all of these species.

Blatchley (1916) described Epimechus nivosus which was determined by Burke (1971) to be a junior synonym of A. disjunctus.

Blatchley (1925) described Anthonomus australis which was determined by Burke (1975) to be a junior synonym of A. disjunctus.

Blatchley and Leng (1916) placed species herein included in the A. squamosus group in two of their seven groups of Anthonomus: "Group E": A. scutellatus; and "Group G": A. tectus, A. squamulatus Dietz, A. molochinus Dietz, A. rufipes LeConte and A. disjunctus LeConte. They also provided brief descriptions of the species and commented on their host plants and their relationships.

Boheman (1859) named and described A. rubricosus from Brazil

Burke (1962:203) reported specimens of A. solarii from Brownsville, Texas, on Malavastrum coromandelianum (L.) Garcke and determined that the species belongs to the A. squamosus group. He also compared A. solarii to A. fulvipes and stated that the lattter species also belongs to the A. squamosus group.

Burke (1968) described the pupa of xx species of Anthomus included herein in the A. squamosus group and provided information on the host plants of the species. A. squamosus, A. ater, A. appositus, A. heterothecae, A. disjunctus, A. scutellatus, A. testaceosquamosus (and A. vestitus), A. squamans, A. solarii, A. sphaeralciae.

Burke (1971) placed several names in synonymy, including one of the species herein included in the A. squamosus group, A. decipiens LeConte = Epimechus nivosus Blatchley,

Burke (1975) placed the names Anthonomus australis Blatchley and Anthonomus blatchleyi Schenkling & Marshall in synonymy under A. decipiens LeConte and provided locality and host data for A. decipiens. He also proposed the name A. lecontei Burke for A. variegatus LeConte 1876 and designated a lectotype for A. variegatus (a species known, incorrectly, by authors as A. scutellatus Gyllenhal).

Burke (1979) named and described Anthonomus phymosiae Burke and provided information on the host plants and distribution of the species.

Burke (1984) designated lectotypes for xxx species of Anthonomus included herein in the A. squamosus group: A. melancholicus Dietz, A. molochinus Dietz, A. squamulatus Dietz, A. helianthi Fall, A. tahoensis Fall, A. disjunctus LeConte, A. pauperculus LeConte, A. squamosus LeConte, and A. tectus LeConte.

Burke and Gates (1974) provided information on the life histories and host plants of several species included herein in the A. squammosus group: A. dealbatus, A. decipiens, A. testaceosquamosus, A. squamans, . They also placed the name callirrhoae Pierce in synonymy under A. squamans Champion.

Champion (1903) named and described A. squamans and A. fulvipes.

Champion (1910) named and described Anthonomus dealbitus Champion.

Clark and Burke (1996) called attention to specimens in the type series of A. aeneotinctus Champion that are not conspecific with the lectotype of that species. Thse specimens are amont the types of a new species in the A. squamosus group.

Clark and Burke (2005).

Fall (1901) named and described Anthonomus helianthi Fall and Anthonomus tahoensis Fall.

Fall (1913) named and described Anthonomus appositus Fall and Anthonomus obesulus Fall and reported specimens of A. molochinus from New Hampshire. He also placed the name Anthonomus moleculus Casey in synyonymy under Anthonomus robustulus LeConte and Anthonomus murinus Dietz under A. melancholicus. He stated that A. helianthi and A. sphaeralciae should be placed in the subgenus Cnemocyllus.

Gyllenhal (1836) described and named A. scutellatus. The species herein known as A. lecontei was misidentified as A. scutellatus by LeConte.

Hatch (1971) included several of the species herein included in the A. squamosus group in his treatment of the weevils of the Pacific Northwest. These included species he identified as A. ater, A. squamosus, and A. ochreopilosus.

Kuschel (1955) placed the name Anthonomus campinas Marshall in synonymy under A. rubricosus Boheman.

LeConte (1876) described and named several of the species included herein in the A. squamosus group: A. ater LeConte, A. squamosus LeConte, A. tectus LeConte, A. rufipes LeConte, A. pauperculus LeConte, A. robustulus LeConte, and A. hirtus LeConte.

Linell (1897) named and described Anthonomus testaceosquamosus Linell.

Loiácono et al. (2003) described the larva and reported on host plants of Anthonomus rubricosus Boheman.

Majka et al. (2007a,b) reported the occurrence of A molochinus and A. lecontei in the maritime provinces of Canada.

Marshall (1938) described and named Anthonomus campinas from "flowers of cotton" in Brazil.

Marshall and Ganders (2001) reported on A. melancholicus.

O'Brien and Wibmer (1982) provided an annotated checklist of the weevils (Curculionidae sensu lato) of North America, Central America, and the West Indies.

Patrock (1993) reported hollyhock as a host of Anthonomus squamans Champion.

Pierce (1907:217) records A. disjunctus breeding in the heads of Heterotheca subaxillaris Lam. in Texas, the larvae as "feeding on the achenes" and cited Mr. Swhatz that A. pauperculus "breeds in the buds of Riddelia."

Pierce (1908) named and described Anthonomus heterothecae Pierce and Anthonomus callirrhoae Pierce.

Schenkling and Marshall (1934) proposed the name Anthonomus blatchleyi Schenkling & Marshall to replace the name Anthonomus australis Blatchley (1925:98), not Boisduval (1835:417), and not Philippi & Philippi (1864).

Townsend (1902) reported on the biology and hosts of A. testaceosquamosus.

Wibmer and O'Brien (1986) provided an annotated checklist of the weevils (Curculionidae sensu lato) of South America.