(APMH is the abbreviation for the Alabama Pest Management Handbook).

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PLANT	DISEASE	DESCRIPTION	CONTROL
MANY ORNAMENTALS	Powdery Mildew	White-buff colored, raised dots or pads of mycelium.	Fungicides; See Cir. ANR-407.
AGLAONEMA	Bacterial Leaf Spot	Circular-angular, dark, water-soaked leaf spots.	Sanitation. Water at pot level.
AMARYLLIS	Stagnospora Leaf Spot	Dark red blotches on leaves (5-15 mm long.)	Sanitation; Cleary's 3336 or Domain.
AZALEA	Botrytis Petal Blight	Large irregular areas of blossoms turn brown; brown areas are covered with a gray delicate webbing during humid weather.	See APMH.
AZALEA	Exobasidium Gall	Swollen blossom, leaf, and shoot galls. From mid-April to mid-May, galls change from a green to a white or pink-white color.	Sanitation; removal of galls while they are still green; see the APMH.
AZALEA	Ovulinia Petal Blight	Small white-brown spots enlarge to be-come large browned areas on the blossoms.	See APMH.
AZALEA	Phytophthora Crown & Root Rot	Crowns & roots become brown and water-soaked.	Sanitation; See APMH.
AZALEA	Rhizoctonia Aerial Blight	Lower leaves become spotted and eventually whole leaves become dark brown and fall.	See APMH.
BEE BALM	Powdery Mildew	Leaf distortions; powdery white dusty patches on foliage leaves (upper leaf surfaces) and stems.	Sanitation.
BEGONIA	Bacterial Leaf Spot	Dark, black, water-soaked spots and blotches.	Strict sanitation. Do not water overhead.
BENTGRASS	Brown Patch (Rhizoctonia)	Circular-irregular patches in lawn become brown. Brown lesions present on individual grass blades.	Reduce nitrogen fertilization. Pro-tective fungicide treatments.
BENTGRASS	Pythium Blight	Foliage becomes pale brown and water-soaked.	See APMH, spray guide.
BOXWOOD	Macrophoma Blight	(Stress) Individual branches become yellowed and brown. Tiny black pin-point dots (fruiting bodies of the fungus) appear scattered on yellowed leaf surfaces; sometimes sunken cankers develop on twigs and branches.	Prune out damaged areas. Cleary's 3336 or Domain protective treatments may be applied. Identify and correct other stress problems.
CAMELLIA	Algal Leaf Spot (Cephaleuros)	Red-green-brown raised circular leaf spots with wavy edges.	Sanitation. See APMH.
CAMELLIA	Armillaria Root Rot	Sudden dieback; roots show thin white mycelial layer and sometimes black thread-like structures (Rhizomorphs); honey-colored mush-rooms are also a diagnostic sign.	Remove the plant with associated roots.
CAMELLIA	Botryosphaeria Canker	Sunken, cracked stem lesions.	Sanitation.
CAMELLIA	Cercospora Leaf Spot	Brown circular or irregular spots of variable size.	Sanitation. Cleary's 3336 or Domain protective sprays.
CAMELLIA	Exobasidium Gall	See Azalea.	.
CAMELLIA	Virus Ringspots	Yellow spots and ring spots; may be a reduction in plant growth.	Sanitation.
CHRYSANTHEMUM	Rhizoctonia Root Rot	Roots become brown, decayed and dried.	Sanitation. See the APMH.
CLEYERA	Anthracnose (Colletotrichum)	Reddish, black spots, blotches. Orange pustules develop in spring and summer.	Sanitation; Cleary's 3336 may help.
CRABAPPLE	Cedar Apple Rust (Gymnosporanium)	Light yellow spots (1 cm or 0.5 inch diam.) on leaves; leaf fall when spots are numerous.	See the APMH.
DAYLILY	Kabatiella Leaf Spot	Numerous small (5 mm or 1/4 inch long) brown spots; leaf yellowing around spotted areas. The disease is often associated with stress.	Sanitation.
DIANTHUS	Fusarium Crown Rot	Brown, dried rotted tissues on lower stems. Top dieback.	Sanitation. Crop rotation.
DOGWOOD	Spot Anthracnose (Elsinoe)	Small (1-2 mm) red-brown spots with reddish borders occur on bracts, leaves, and young twigs. Spotting may be severe and new leaves may appear reduced in size; foliage death may result.	Sanitation; See APMH.
DOGWOOD	Anthracnose (Discula)	This disease is characterized by leaf necrosis, twig and branch cankers and stem dieback which all begin in the lower branches and progress to the upper canopy. The disease generally begins as purple-rimmed brown spots on leaves. Spots soon develop into a general blight of infected leaves. Leaf death is followed by progressive infection and death of associated twigs and then branches.	See ANR-551 or the APMH.
EUONYMUS	Powdery Mildew (Microsphaera)	A white powdery dusting appears on upper leaf surfaces; when disease is severe some leaf distortion occurs.	See the APMH.
EXACUM	Impatiens Necrotic Spot Virus	New growth was stunted. Brown spots and blotches were present on the newly matured foliage.	Sanitation. Control thrips.
FERN, BOSTON	Colletotrichum Leaf Spot	Brown spots/blotches on fronds.	Sanitation. Protective sprays of Cleary's 3336.
FORSYTHIA	Crown Gall	Woody Galls on lower stem/trunk near the soil line.	Sanitation; crop rotation to boxwood, holly, redbud or other nonsusceptible plants. See ANR-944.
GERANIUM	Botrytis Blight	Gray blotches occur on the foliage. Whole leaves may become involved and die. When weather is cool and moist with a high relative humidity, a delicate webbing of spores and hyphae can be seen.	See the APMH. Sanitation.
GERANIUM	Bacterial Leaf Spot/Stem Rot (Xanthomonas)	Black spots on leaves and stems; total collapse of stem may occur; bacteria may develop in vascular system and become systemic.	Strict sanitation. Bordeaux mixture protective sprays.
HOLLY, HELLERI	Phytophthora Root Rot	Roots become brown and decayed. Outer tissues easily pull away from the root central core.	See the APMH.
HOLLY	Colletotrichum Leaf Spot	Black circular spots (about 5mm diam.) sometimes with cream-colored spores covering centers of spots.	Sanitation; protective sprays of Cleary's 3336 or Domain may be used.
HOLLY	Phyllosticta Leaf Spot	Small (1-2mm diam.) black spots sometimes with a whitish center.	Sanitation; protective sprays of Cleary's 3336 or Domain may be used.
HYDRANGEA	Botrytis Blossom Blight	Blossoms are brown-gray spotted/blotched.	Sanitation. See ANR-912 for fungicide recommendations.
IMPATIENS	Alternaria Laf Spot	Dark brown-black, angular leaf spots.	Sanitation; Kocide 101.
IRIS	Heterosporium Leaf Spot	Small-large (1/4-1/2 inch long), elliptical or oval shaped medium brown leaf spots.	Sanitation. See APMH.
IRIS	Borers/Soft Rot (Erwinia)	Leaves and rhizomes become decayed with a wet, foul-smelling rot; wounds are often evident in the rhizome rotted areas. Wounds are often caused by the iris borer, but other insects may be involved.	Sanitation. Especially in the fall, all diseased rhizomes should be destroyed. To further prevent & control borers, an insecticide dust may be applied weekly in the spring from new growth initiation to the beginning of June.
IVY, ENGLISH	Botryosphaeria Canker	Elongated, sunken, cracked stem lesions	Pruning. Protective sprays of Cleary's 3336.
IVY, ENGLISH	Anthracnose (Colletotrichum)	Brown irregular spots (3 mm diam. & larger) that sometimes occur along veins.	Sanitation. See the APMH. Use Cleary's 3336 or Domain.
IVY, ENGLISH	Edema	Small, brown, corky spots on lower leaf surfaces.	Reduce irrigation.
IVY, ENGLISH	Fusarium/Pythium Root Decay	Roots become brown decayed, dried and also wet rotted.	Sanitation. Banrot protective treatments.
JAPANESE PAGODA TREE	Nectria Canker	Sunken canker with tiny orange raised specks scattered over lesion.	Sanitation.
JUNIPER	Phomopsis Tip Blight	Dieback.	Pruning; Fungicide application. See the APMH.
JUNIPER	Cedar-Apple Rust (Gymnosporangium)	Large woody spherical galls (2-5 cm diam.) become covered with orange, jelly-like finger-like projections.	See ANR-468.
JUNIPER	Cedar-Quince or Hawthorn Rust (Gymnosporangium)	Orange powdery sunken cankers. iris borer, but other insects may be involved.	See ANR-468
LEYLAND CYPRESS	Cercospora Needle Blight	Beginning with lower branches and inner needles, blight develops and spreads upward & outward.	Sanitation; protective sprays of Cleary's 3336.
LIGUSTRUM	Macrophoma Leaf Spot	Brown circular or oval leaf spots.	Sanitation; Cleary's 3336 or Domain protective sprays.
LILAC	Bacterial Leaf Spot	Dark angular spots.	Sanitation. Do not water overhead.
LIRIOPE	Anthracnose (Colletotrichum)	Brown lesions on leaves, some on leaf tips.	Sanitation. Protective sprays with Cleary's 3336.
LUPIN	Rhizoctonia Lower Stem Decay	Dark brown, black lower stem dry rot.	---
MAGNOLIA, SOUTHERN	Algal Leaf Spot (Cephaleuros)	Green or red-brown, slightly raised, circular spots (1 cm diam.) with slightly wavy margins.	Usually none. Sanitation.
MAGNOLIA, SOUTHERN	Phyllosticta Leaf Spot	Brown irregular spots (3 mm diam. and larger) which often become brown bordered with lighter centers as spots age.	Sanitation. Protective sprays of Cleary's 3336 or Domain.
MAGNOLIA	Stress	Many older leaves become yellow and then brown; excessive leaf drop. (Some leaf senescence is normal during April-June.)	Water when conditions are droughty.
MAPLE, JAPANESE	Anthracnose (Kabatiella)	Brown, irregularly-circular spots which often follow along leaf veins. Spots begin small, but may develop to involve larger portions of leaves.	See APMH.
MAPLE, JAPANESE	Phomopsis Canker	Brown-gray elliptical sunken lesions on smaller branches, twigs.	Sanitation.
MAPLE, RED	Phyllosticta Leaf Spot	Circular pale brown spots with darker brown borders (about 1/4 inch diam.).	--
MAPLE, RED	Pythium Root Rot (Seedlings)	Roots brown, water-soaked, rotted.	Sanitation. Reduce watering schedules.
MARIGOLD	Alternaria Leaf Spot	Black circular or irregular leaf spots (1-3 mm diam.).	See APMH.
MAYHAW (HAWTHORN)	Cedar-Quince Rust (Gymnosporangium)	Yellow irregular spots with tiny white-orange aecial cups (spore masses) developing on lower leaf surfaces opposite upper leaf yellow spots.	Removal of cedar cankers. See ANR-468.
MONDOGRASS	Root Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne)	Poor growth; root galls.	Sanitation. See ANR-689 and ANR-856.
MONKEY GRASS (Liriope)	Anthracnose (Colletotrichum)	Pale brown blotches and spots on foliage. Blotch margins are sometimes dark brown or red-brown. Spots may involve large sections of leaves. Often leaf tips are involved.	Sanitation; Protective sprays of Cleary's 3336 or Domain may be used.
OAK	Anthracnose (Apiognomonia)	Brown-black spots and irregular blotches which often develop along leaf edges and/or leaf veins.	Sanitation. See APMH.
OAK	Algal Leaf Spot (Cephaleuros)	Gray-green or brown-red spots with irregular margins (1 cm or 1/4 inch diam.) on leaves; spots may coalesce.	See APMH.
OAK	Hypoxylon Canker	Environmental stressed oak may develop a dieback where Hypoxylon acts to hasten the dieback problems. The fungus causes decay of inner bark and sapwood and silver gray or coal black stroma develops in the decay area, causing the bark to crack and fall away.	Pruning and tree removal.
OAK	Oak Leaf Blister (Taphrina)	Concave-convex spots (10-15 mm or 1/4-1/2 inch diam.) on leaves. As spots age, they change from a light green-brown color to a medium-dark brown.	See APMH.
OAK	Powdery Mildew	White powdery dust-ing on leaves; infected new growth may be deformed.	Sanitation of leaves in the fall.
PANSY	Colletotrichum Leaf Spot	Circular gray spots with dark borders.	See the APMH.
Pansy	Thielaviopsis Black Root Rot	Black lesions on roots. Plants are stunted.	Sanitation. See the APMH.
PERIWINKLE	Botrytis Blight	Brown gray spot/ blight.	Sanitation. Increase air circulation. In-crease temperature. See the APMH.
PERIWINKLE	Phyllosticta Leaf Spot	Medium-brown, circular-oval spots (5 mm diam.).	Sanitation; Protective sprays of Cleary's 3336 or Domain.
PERIWINKLE	Phytophthora Blight	Brown lesions on leaves and stems.	Sanitation. See APMH.
PERIWINKLE	Thielaviopsis Root Rot	Plants grow poorly. Roots have black lesions, sections, and tips.	Sanitation. Cleary's 3336 protective drenches.
PETUNIA	Thielaviopsis Root Rot	Plants grow poorly. Roots have black lesions, sections, and tips.	Sanitation; Cleary's 3336 protective drenches.
PHOTINIA	Anthracnose (Colletotrichum)	Light-brown, zonate spots (10-15 mm or 1/3-2/3 inch long) sometimes associated with leaf margins.	Sanitation; See APMH under Entomosporium Leaf Spot.
PHOTINIA	Entomosporium Leaf Spot	Red-black spots (5-10 mm diam.) on upper & lower leaf surfaces. Spots generally have dark red-black borders. Spots may coalesce.	Pruning; Fungicide treatment; See Cir. ANR-392.
PHOTINIA	Armillaria Trunk Rot	Sudden wilt and dieback; thin white mycelial layer beneath bark; sometimes black thread-like rhizo-morphs and/or honey-colored mushroom present.	Sanitation--removal of plants.
PINE, LOBLOLLY	Fusiforme Rust (Cronartium quercuum f. sp. fusiforme)	Spindle-shaped (fusiform) swellings (galls) develop on branches and trunks. In March-April the orange spore masses (aecia) of the fungus develop on the bark surface. The powdery spores cover the whole gall area. (Oaks are the alternate host for this fungus.)	Sanitation; removal of galled branches and/or trees when galls occur on trunks. See the APMH.
PINE, LOBLOLLY	Lophodermium (Ploioderma) Needle Cast	Last year's needles become spotted, blighted, and fall off. Tiny, black football-shaped fungal fruiting bodies can be seen on needles with hand lens.	Fungicide applied in spring and fall. See APMH.
PINE, LOBLOLLY	Rhizosphaeria Needle Blight, Twig Blight	Needles and small twigs turn brown, die.	Sanitation. See spray recommendations for needle cast; may need to continue in summer.
PINE, SLASH	Rhizosphaeria Needle Blight	See loblolly pine.	.
PINE, VIRGINIA	Lophodermium Needle Cast	See loblolly pine.	.
PINE	Needle Rust (Coleosporium)	Needles covered with numerous cream-color pustules (2-3 mm).	Remove asters and other composite plants/weeds in the area.
RAPHIOLEPSIS	Colletotrichum Leaf Spot	Brown, circular-irregular shaped leaf spots.	Sanitation. Protective sprays of Cleary's 3336.
RED CEDAR	Armillaria Root Rot	Dieback and total death of tree. Mushrooms or black thread-like structures may develop at base of tree and just under the bark, respectively.	Sanitation.
ROSE	Botrytis Blight	Gray-brown irregular areas on flowers and leaves; gray mycelium and spores give spots/blotches a gray, cloudy appearance.	Lower humidity levels; increase temperatures; prune out diseased plant parts; fungicides.
ROSE	Black Spot (Diplocarpon)	Black spots (1/8-1/4 inch diam. or 4-8 mm) with feathery margins.	Follow a regular spray schedule; sanitation.
ROSE	Downy Mildew (Pernospora)	Irregular pale yellow spots on upper leaf surfaces; grayish-sometimes with thread-like growth-spots on lower leaf surfaces. Leaves eventually become brown, withered and drop.	Sanitation. See APMH. Decrease humidity.
ROSE	Powdery Mildew (Sphaerotheca)	Whitish powdery growth on leaf surfaces; new growth may be distorted; leaves dry & turn yellow then brown; leaf drop.	See APMH.
SHASTA DAISY	Alternaria Leaf Spot	Gray-brown, roughly circular spots.	Sanitation. Cleary's 3336 or a benomyl fungicide should give some protective control.
SNAPDRAGON	Pythium Root Rot	Foliage wilt; roots brown and water-soaked.	Sanitation. See APMH.
TULIP POPLAR	Alternaria Leaf Spot	Medium-brown, circular-irregular spots (1-2 cm or - inch long).	Sanitation.
ALL	Slime Mold	Wet-looking thin sheets of fungus material which may be green, reddish or brown in color. When the spore stage is present, plant material may be covered with a powdery coating of black, brown, red or yellow spores.	Fungal sheets or masses may be physically removed; spore masses may be washed off with a strong stream of water; when conditions become dry, slime molds will disappear. These fungi do not cause damage to plants except for a shading effect.

Send horticultural questions to ktilt@acesag.auburn.edu.